The underground cabling system is a common practice in many institution areas. So there are many electrical, telephone and other signal cables that are underground. Many times open circuit /short circuit faults occur due to construction works such as extension, new buildings and other reasons. At that time, it is difficult to dig out cable due to not knowing the exact location of the cable fault.
PROBLEM STATEMENT
Before attempting to find underground cable faults on direct hidden primary cable, it is essential to know where the cable situate and what direction it takes and eradicate the losses of power in underground cable. Since it is extremely difficult to find a cable fault without knowing where the cable is, it makes sense to master a cable locating and tracking before start the fault locating process.
Main Objective
To design a fault detection circuit for open circuit detection.
Significance
To simplify the location fault finding and troubleshooting processes for AC underground cable.
BLOCK DIAGRAM OF EXISTING SYSTEM
DISADVANTAGES OF EXISTING SYSTEM
It has more assumption during finding a cable fault
BLOCK DIAGRAM OF PROPOSED SYSTEM
ADVANTAGE OF PROPOSED SYSTEM
Small voltage drop
Less chance of fault
Low maintenance cost
Better general appearance
Resistor analysis
Supply voltage is 5v d.c
Current passing microcontroller
From data sheet is 32mA
but I=Voltage/Resistance
5 / 12k
417µA.
Then
90db=10log [1/10]db
but 90=10log1-10log10
90=log1+log120
so, -30=log I
I=1x10w/m
From I=P/A where P is a sound power and A is spherical area reached
by sound
P=1x10x3.14x2x2=0.0125w.
Transistor analysis
According to an application transistor will be choose NPN transistor (BC 547) as switch for switch on the relay and to be buzzer .When power applied to the base ,it will allow the current to flow from collector to the emitter .Typically transistors are used to switch a device, meaning the are placed after the load in circuit.
CONCLUSION
This project is succeed by achieving the main objective due to the system designed working properly for detection of underground cable fault for open circuit.
RECOMMENDATION
This project expand as much as possible in order to detect the fault of underground cable for open circuit which help people to generate their lives also this project obstacles to the areas where concrete presences and when cable is situated below the ground.