Hospital ward is a room shared by patients who need a similar kind of care.
At Mawenzi Hospital the ward consists of two rows of beds and each row consists of 8 beds, therefore the ward consists of 16 beds. If each bed is occupied by a patient, the total patients are 16.
The time for visitors to visit patients is from 6:30am to 7:00am, 12:30pm to 1:30pm and 4:30pm to5:00pm.
PROBLEM STATEMENT
At MAWENZI HOSPITAL, the NURSE govern all ward activities including to allow the patient visitors (relatives) and depart them. It always happens that the visitors consume much time in the ward beyond the required time , this leads to the Nurse to force visitors out. This situation consume time as a result, Nurses delay to provide treatment care to the patients. Therefore I decide to design an Automatic System that will alert the patients’ visitors that the time is out to be in the ward room.
OBJECTIVES
MAIN OBJECTIVE
The aim of the Project is to monitor patients’ visitors in the ward at Mawenzi Hospital
SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES
To design an automatic circuit to depart visitors from the ward.
Design the prototype.
Test the prototype.
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT
It will reduce disturbances to Nurses caused by delaying of visitors to go out of the ward.
It will help to inform the visitors that the time is out to be in the ward room.
It will help Nurses to provide care to the patients appropriately.
METHODOLOGY
The followings are the methods which will be considered to achieve the objectives of the project.
Literature review
Data collection
Data analysis
Designing the circuit
Building the prototype
Testing the prototype
Report writing
LITERATURE REVIEW
EXISTING SYSTEM
The existing system at Mawenzi Hospital wards is mainly operated by Nurses who govern all activities including to allow visitors to enter and departing them and providing care to the patients.
DISADVANTAGES OF EXISTING SYSTEM
It creates the disturbances to Nurses when departing out the visitors.
The system leads the Visitors to stay longer beyond the time.
Nurses delay to provide care to the patients.
BLOCK DIAGRAM FOR EXISTING SYSTEM
LITERATURE REVIEW
PROPOSED SYSTEM
The proposed system has the following advantages.
It helps Nurses to give care to the patients at appropriate time.
It helps to inform the Visitors that the time is out to be in the ward room.
BLOCK DIAGRAM FOR PROPOSED SYSTEM
DATA COLLECTION
The collected data include;
The time for visitors to visit patients is from 6:30am to 7:00am, 12:30pm to 1:30pm and 4:30pm to5:00pm. Also number of beds present in the ward are 16 beds.
DATA ANALYSIS
PROPOSED CIRCUIT
PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION OF PROPOSED CIRCUIT
The switch S will be closed at 6:00am for first time to supply the power to the 24 hrs timer T. The timer T will delay for one hour for operation to start. When this time reached the NO contact of 24hrs time T will close. NC contact will open and the green light will go OFF while Red light will light up and the audio system will give out sound for 20 seconds to alert the visitors to go out.
After that, the timer will delay for 7 and ½ hours and NO contact will close again to alert the end of afternoon session. After that the timer will delay for 2 an ½ hours and NO will close again to alert the end of evening session.
Audio system Analysis.
The sound pressure level of audible sounds range from 0db through 120db.The selected audible sound level is 85db which can be heard properly.
Decibel level =10log[I/I0].
where by; I is the sound intensity measured in W/m2 .
I0 is the given intensity of 10-12W/m2.
Then;
85db=10log[I/10-12]db
85=10logI – 10log10-12
85=10logI+120
-35=log10I10
I=1×10-3W/m2
From; I=Pac/A where; Pac is the sound power
A is the spherical area reached by sound
Pac=1×10-3x4x3.14x20x20; where 20m is the distance(radius) for sound to travel.
Pac = 5.0W
Therefore the selected bell must consume power of 5.0W.
The voltage from the source is 230v. so, the current is
I=P/V
I=5.0W/230V
I=0.02A.
Therefore;
the value of current obtained will be used to select the proper and appropriate 24 HRS timer to be used in the circuit.
LIGHT INTENSITY
Is the rate at which light spread over the surface of a given area some distance from a source.
Light intensity=power(P)/area(A)
But the distance from the source to ground is 3.0m,and
The power(bulb watt) is 40W.
Light intensity=40W/3.14X(3.0)^2
Light intensity=1.2candela.
CONCLUSION
The main objectives of this project was to develop the mechanism that would be able to departure the patients’ visitors at Mawenzi Hospital at the end of visiting session by an automatic audio system. The circuit was operated hence the main and specific objectives were met.
RECOMMENDATION
Any person who is willingly to modify and improve the circuit is allowed to do so, by either employing the use of battery in case when the power supply is OFF to ensure the continuity of the operation.